车辆类型参数默认值 - SUMO Documentation

车辆类型参数默认值

车辆类型参数默认值

本页面描述了取决于车辆类别的车辆参数默认值。如果未给出值，则使用乘用车的值。对于每个车辆类别，它始终使用第一行中的值作为默认值。其他值（在小节中）仅供参考（供定义自有车辆类型时使用）。

Note

正确的设置可能取决于所使用的跟驰模型。对于 accel（加速度）和 decel（减速度）尤其如此，这些值通常不表示车辆可达到的最大值，而是表示便捷值。如果您使用的是 Krauss 以外的模型，则应重新审视这些值。

请注意，下表中的 personCapacity（人员容量）和 mass（质量）通常不包括驾驶员。（因此，自行车的容量为 1，这不意味着儿童座椅，而是指驾驶员；而 10kg 的质量显然不包括驾驶员。）唯一的例外是默认的乘用车，其容量为 4，而那里的普通汽车可能有 5 个座位。但使用所有 5 个座位可能相当例外，因此保留了历史默认值，对于出租车场景来说，这可能是更好的值。另请注意，手册中私家车的质量通常包括驾驶员的平均体重。

这种排除是否正确也取决于您设置仿真的方式。如果人员是显式建模的，那么这样做是正确的；如果不是，您可能根本不关心 personCapacity 和可变质量，但如果您关心，请重新审视您的 vType 设置。

关于默认排放类别#

请注意，随着向 HBEFA4 的过渡，不再有像 HDV 这样的聚合排放类别。这意味着每个车辆类别的默认排放类别通常是 HBEFA 估算的 2022 年车队构成中最常见的车辆。这可能会大大低估实际排放量，因为实际排放可能由旧车辆主导，因此如果精度很重要，建议您使用适合您模拟车辆车队的车辆类型分布。也可以回退到 HBEFA3 类别。

另请注意，所有电力列车的默认排放类别为 zero，所有其他列车（和船舶）仍使用 HBEFA3 模型中最脏的柴油排放。如果对消耗感兴趣，建议您显式建模您的列车（和船舶）。这包括调整参数，如质量（指空车质量）和装载量。

行人和两轮车#

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`mass`	`minGap`	`accel`	`decel`	`emer` `gency` `Decel`	`maxSpeed`	`desired` `MaxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`	`emission` `Class`	`speed` `Dev`
pedestrian	(C) Pedestrian crossing, Omagh by Kenneth Allen CC-BY-SA-2.0	pedestrian	0.215m⁽¹⁾ 0.478m⁽¹⁾ 1.719m⁽¹⁾	70kg	0.25m	1.5m/s²⁽²³⁾	2m/s²⁽²³⁾	5m/s²	37.58km/h⁽⁴¹⁾	5km/h⁽²³⁾	0	zero	0.1
bicycle	(C) Daniele Leonzio CC-BY-SA-4.0	bicycle	1.6m⁽¹⁷⁾ 0.65m⁽¹⁷⁾ 1.7m^(*)	10kg	0.5m	1.2m/s²⁽¹⁹⁾	3m/s²⁽¹⁹⁾	7m/s²	50km/h	20km/h⁽¹⁹⁾	1	zero	0.1
moped	(C) Max schwalbe CC-BY-SA-4.0	moped	2.1m⁽⁴³⁾ 0.8m⁽⁴³⁾ 1.7m^(*)	80kg	2.5m	1.1m/s²⁽²⁵⁾	7m/s²⁽²⁶⁾	10m/s²	45km/h⁽²⁴⁾	-	2	HBEFA4/ Moped_le50cc_Euro-2	0.1
motorcycle	(C) Thomas Wiersma CC-BY-SA-4.0	motorcycle	2.2m⁽²⁸⁾ 0.9m⁽²⁸⁾ 1.5m⁽²⁸⁾	200kg	2.5m	6m/s²⁽¹⁹⁾	10m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	10m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁸⁾	-	2	HBEFA4/ MC_4S_gt250cc_preEuro	0.1
scooter	(C) Rjcastillo CC-BY-4.0	scooter	1.2m^() 0.5m^() 1.7m^(*)	10kg^(*)	0.5m⁽³⁹⁾	1.2m/s²⁽³⁹⁾	3m/s²⁽³⁹⁾	7m/s^2(*)	25km/h⁽³⁹⁾	20km/h	1	zero	0.1

乘用车和轻型货车#

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`mass`	`minGap`	`accel`	`decel`	`emer` `gency` `Decel`	`maxSpeed`	`desired` `MaxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`	`emission` `Class`	`speed` `Dev`
passenger	(C) Vauxford CC-BY-SA-4.0	passenger	5⁽²⁹⁾ 1.8m⁽²⁹⁾ 1.5m⁽²⁹⁾	1500kg	2.5m	2.6m/s²⁽²⁹⁾	4.5m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	9m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁹⁾	-	4	HBEFA4/ PC_petrol_Euro-4	0.1
taxi	(C) Matti Blume CC-BY-SA-2.0	taxi	5⁽²⁹⁾ 1.8m⁽²⁹⁾ 1.5m⁽²⁹⁾	1500kg	2.5m	2.6m/s²⁽²⁹⁾	4.5m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	9m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁹⁾	-	4	HBEFA4/ PC_petrol_Euro-4	0.05
evehicle	(C) Spsmiler CC0-1.0	evehicle	5⁽²⁹⁾ 1.8m⁽²⁹⁾ 1.5m⁽²⁹⁾	1500kg	2.5m	2.6m/s²⁽²⁹⁾	4.5m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	9m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁹⁾	-	4	zero	0.1
emergency	(C) Helitak430 CC-BY-SA-4.0	emergency	6.5m⁽³⁷⁾ 2.16m⁽³⁷⁾ 2.86m⁽³⁷⁾	5000kg	2.5m	2.6m/s²⁽²⁹⁾	4.5m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	9m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁹⁾	-	3	HBEFA4/ LCV_diesel_N1-III_Euro-6ab	0
delivery	(C) IFCAR Public Domain	delivery	6.5m⁽³⁷⁾ 2.16m⁽³⁷⁾ 2.86m⁽³⁷⁾	5000kg	2.5m	2.6m/s²⁽²⁹⁾	4.5m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	9m/s²	200km/h⁽²⁹⁾	-	3	HBEFA4/ LCV_diesel_N1-III_Euro-6ab	0.05

evehicle 是在电动汽车仍看似未来主义时添加的，并为向后兼容性而保留。其预期用途是用于任何应视觉上可区分且排放状态未知（因此为零排放）的新型车辆概念。

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`person` `Capacity`
passenger	(C) Alexander-93 CC-BY-SA-4.0	passenger/sedan		5
passenger	(C) Ladislav "Fredy.00" Šafránek Public Domain	passenger/hatchback		5
passenger	(C) OSX Public Domain	passenger/wagon		5
passenger	(C) Kuha455405 CC-BY-SA-3.0	passenger/van	4.7m⁽¹⁶⁾ 1.9m⁽¹⁶⁾ 1.73m⁽¹⁶⁾	6

卡车和巴士#

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`mass`	`minGap`	`accel`	`decel`	`emer` `gency` `Decel`	`maxSpeed`	`desired` `MaxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`	`emission` `Class`	`speed` `Dev`
truck	(C) C-C-Baxter CC-BY-SA-3.0	truck	7.1m⁽³⁰⁾ 2.4m⁽³⁰⁾ 2.4m⁽³⁰⁾	4500kg	2.5m	1.3m/s²⁽³¹⁾	4m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	7m/s²	130km/h⁽³⁵⁾	-	3	HBEFA4/ RT_le7.5t_Euro-VI_A-C	0.05
trailer	(C) Dwight Burdette CC-BY-3.0	truck/trailer	16.5m⁽¹³⁾ 2.55m⁽¹³⁾ 4m⁽¹³⁾	13000kg	2.5m	1m/s²⁽³¹⁾	4m/s²	7m/s²	130km/h⁽³⁵⁾	-	3	HBEFA4/ TT_AT_gt34-40t_Euro-VI_A-C	0.05
bus	(C) Iwouldstay CC-BY-SA-4.0	bus	12m⁽³⁾ 2.5m⁽³⁾ 3.4m⁽³⁾	12000kg	2.5m	1.2m/s²⁽¹⁸⁾	4m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	7m/s²	85km/h⁽³⁾	-	85	HBEFA4/ UBus_Std_gt15-18t_Euro-VI_A-C	0.1
coach	(C) Leshe CC-BY-SA-4.0	bus/coach	14m⁽⁹⁾ 2.6m⁽⁹⁾ 4.m⁽⁹⁾	25000kg	2.5m	2.0m/s^2(*)	see above	see above	100km/h⁽³²⁾	-	70⁽⁹⁾	HBEFA4/ Coach_3-Axes_gt18t_Euro-VI_A-C	0.05

请注意，根据 HBEFA，三轴城市巴士比短轴巴士更常见，但为了保持其他值（如长度和质量）的一致性，并与长途客车有更强的区分，决定使用较小巴士的排放类别。

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`minGap`	`accel`	`person` `Capacity`
trailer	(C) Mike Mozart CC-BY-SA-4.0	truck/semitrailer	16.5m⁽¹⁴⁾ max. 2.55m⁽¹³⁾ max. 4m⁽¹³⁾	2.5m	1.1m/s²⁽³¹⁾	3
bus	(C) Kemenymate CC-BY-SA-4.0	bus/flexible	17.9m⁽³⁾ 2.5m⁽³⁾ 3.0m⁽³⁾	2.5m	1.2m/s²⁽¹⁸⁾	~150

铁路#

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`mass`	`minGap`	`accel`	`decel`	`emer` `gency` `Decel`	`maxSpeed`	`desired` `MaxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`	`emission` `Class`
tram	(C) Kurt Rasmussen, custom license	rail/railcar	22m⁽⁷⁾ 2.4m⁽⁷⁾ 3.2m⁽⁷⁾	37900kg	2.5m	1.0m/s²⁽¹⁸⁾	3.0m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	7m/s²	80km/h⁽³⁶⁾	-	120^(7*)	zero
rail_urban	(C) Andreas Lippold CC-BY-SA-4.0	rail/railcar	3*36.5m⁽⁴⁾ 3.0m⁽⁴⁾ 3.6m⁽⁴⁾	59000kg	5m	1.0m/s²⁽⁴⁾	3.0m/s²⁽²⁷⁾	7m/s²	100km/h⁽⁴⁾	-	3*100	zero
rail	(C) Philip Halling CC-BY-SA-2.0	rail	2*67.5m⁽¹¹⁾ 2.84m⁽¹¹⁾ 3.75m⁽¹¹⁾	79500kg⁽⁴²⁾	5m	0.25m/s²⁽³⁴⁾	1.3m/s²⁽³³⁾	5m/s²	160km/h⁽¹¹⁾	-	434⁽¹¹⁾	HBEFA3/ HDV_D_EU0
rail_electric	(C) Rob Dammers CC-BY-2.0	rail	8*25m⁽¹²⁾ 2.95m⁽¹²⁾ 3.89m⁽¹²⁾	83000kg⁽⁴²⁾	5m	0.5m/s²⁽³³⁾	1.3m/s²⁽³³⁾	5m/s²	220km/h⁽¹²⁾	-	425⁽¹²⁾	zero
rail_fast	(C) Rob Dammers CC-BY-2.0	rail	8*25m⁽¹²⁾ 2.95m⁽¹²⁾ 3.89m⁽¹²⁾	409000kg	5m	0.5m/s²⁽³³⁾	1.3m/s²⁽³³⁾	5m/s²	330km/h⁽¹²⁾	-	425⁽¹²⁾	zero

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`maxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`
rail	(C) Railcargo CC-BY-SA-3.0	rail/cargo	~750m (19m + x*16m)^{(5, 6, 8)} ~4.4m⁽⁶⁾ ~3.0m⁽⁶⁾	120km/h⁽⁵⁾	1

其他#

`vClass`	示例	`guiShape`	`length` `width` `height`	`mass`	`minGap`	`accel`	`decel`	`emer` `gency` `Decel`	`maxSpeed`	`desired` `MaxSpeed`	`person` `Capacity`	`emission` `Class`	`speed` `Dev`
ship	(C) Tomasz Sienicki CC-BY-SA-3.0	ship	17m 4m 4m	100000kg	2.5	0.1m/s²	0.15m/s²	1m/s²	4.12 (8 Knots)	-	4	HBEFA3/ HDV_D_EU0	0.1
subway	(C) Pudelek (Marcin Szala) CC-BY-SA-3.0	subway	98.7m⁽⁴⁴⁾ 2.65m⁽⁴⁴⁾ 3.4m⁽⁴⁴⁾	141400kg⁽⁴⁴⁾	-	-	-	-	80km/h⁽⁴⁵⁾	-	-	-	-
aircraft	(C) Julian Herzog CC-BY-4.0	aircraft	70.51m⁽⁴⁶⁾ 60m⁽⁴⁶⁾ 19.33m⁽⁴⁶⁾	162500kg⁽⁴⁶⁾	-	-	-	-	969km/h⁽⁴⁶⁾	-	425⁽⁴⁶⁾	-	-
container	(C) IPLManagement CC-BY-SA-4.0	container	6.058m⁽⁴⁷⁾ 2.43m⁽⁴⁷⁾ 2.59m⁽⁴⁷⁾	2.33t⁽⁴⁷⁾	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
drone	(C) Zarate123 CC-BY-SA-4.0	drone	294mm⁽⁴⁸⁾ 373mm⁽⁴⁸⁾ 101mm⁽⁴⁸⁾	249g⁽⁴⁸⁾	-	-	-	-	12m/s⁽⁴⁸⁾	-	-	-	-
wheelchair	(C) Laboratoires Servier CC-BY-SA-3.0	wheelchair	103cm⁽⁴⁹⁾ 62cm⁽⁴⁹⁾ 90.5cm⁽⁴⁹⁾	18.4kg⁽⁴⁹⁾	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
cable_car	(C) Wilfredo CC-BY-SA-3.0	cable_car	-	-	-	-	-	-	12,5m/s⁽⁵⁰⁾	-	-	-	-